Scientists, based on the laws of physics and the material composition of the universe, have long proposed various theories regarding the ultimate fate of the cosmos—such as the Big Freeze, Big Rip, or Big Crunch. While these scenarios are constructed upon timescales that are beyond human imagination, they nevertheless offer insight into the ultimate purpose of living existence. The following propositions help to contextualize this purpose:

• There is a moment—if life is excluded—when the material universe reaches a terminal point, a moment where the space of possibilities collapses.
• Life is a dynamic, material phenomenon that strives for organizational continuity.

Taken together, these two propositions attribute an ultimate purpose to life in the broadest sense: to establish conscious mastery over matter so as to render the ultimate end impossible. This constitutes the highest-scale objective necessity of life. Yet we do not need to take such a distant perspective to recognize the existence of objective necessities.

Throughout the process of evolution, existential threats faced by living organisms have served as the most crucial driving force for progression. Life has progressively reorganized itself in more competent forms in response to these objective dangers and has continued its existence through various organizational structures. Humanity, as the most competent expression of this existential effort, possesses a unique capability in this regard: the ability to consciously dominate matter.

To assert control over the material world, one must possess tools that can manipulate it; this control becomes conscious when there is coherence between intention, action, and outcome. The consistency of action-outcome relations is achieved through humanity’s scientific engagement with matter. However, the translation of intention into action in a healthy manner depends on society’s control over its own resources—namely, the means of production and human potential. Once a society gains the ability to operate the mentioned sequence of activity consistently, the remaining question becomes whether the intention aligns with the ultimate purpose of existence—a matter that falls within the scope of political judgment.

Politics is the field in which assertions are made about the theoretical frameworks through which society should move, and where these assertions are tested through practical struggle. Though often reduced to mere contests of power, politics attains its genuine existential depth when societies are compelled to respond to structural challenges posed by objective necessities. In such critical junctures, the vitality of collective life—when faced with the threat of dissolution—tends to move consciously, in a direction that aligns with the ultimate telos of existence, as overcoming such crises demands a heightened form of awareness and coordinated action. Structural transformations imposed by necessities not only increase existential competence but also create a higher plane upon which unprecedented discoveries become possible.

Organization in Accordance with the Objective Necessities

What distinguishes a society from a mere collection of individuals is its capacity for transcendent activity expressed as a whole. Countless objective frameworks—such as mathematics, law, and bureaucracy—are indispensable tools that enable the transcendence of individual subjectivity into organized societal activity. These tools enable societies to produce large-scale outcomes that would otherwise be impossible. The increasing scope of such outcomes and the growing consistency between intent and results are vital for the long-term continuity of human existence.

At this point, the state appears as the mechanism tasked with ensuring the overall functioning of society and safeguarding its collective well-being. Given its organic connection to society, the state must be structured, developed, and enriched through experience in a way that aligns with its position and duties. The state mechanism, expected to unleash society’s transcendent functionality by managing its means of production and human potential through long-term strategies, can only cultivate this capacity by continuously exercising its functions in relation to society. Given that the state is a human construct that evolves through experience, it is inevitable for it to make mistakes in its operational history. These mistakes or unintended consequences are not sufficient grounds to delegitimize the existence of central governance. What must be understood is this: competent central administration is an objective necessity, and every experience that develops its competency carries existential meaning.

Practical Examples

The COVID-19 pandemic served as a historical test of states’ ability to mobilize their resources within a strategic framework. In the People’s Republic of China, the administrative party discipline—structured in alignment with the existential purpose of the state and guided by scientific socialist values that prioritize public welfare—performed effectively in combating COVID-19, as it had in all previous societal crises.

Contrary to the profit-driven approach of private capital, China prioritized vaccine production through state-run factories and distributed 1 billion vaccine doses for free in the first quarter of 2021. During the same period, the United States experienced a bottleneck in global vaccine supply due to patent disputes among private companies. While China produced 30 million vaccine doses daily in 2021, the figure was limited to 4.3 million in the United States—despite its status as a global leader in pharmacology.

Some sources claimed that China violated individual liberties in its fight against SARS-CoV-2. Yet one must ask: Was a Zero-COVID strategy ever a real option for most states, or was such a policy simply beyond their institutional and material capabilities? If the virus that caused the pandemic had a mortality rate exceeding fifty percent, how many governments would have been structurally capable of implementing the necessary measures? While an equally devastating threat may not appear soon, who can be certain that an even greater danger is not awaiting humanity just beyond the horizon, at a time when there may be no opportunity left to develop the tools of central governance? States that lack the experience of mobilizing public resources for a common cause stand on the brink of existential annihilation at all times.

Conclusion

In conclusion, humanity today faces two fundamental problems concerning objective necessities: the establishment of an honest and enduring state structure governed by politics that prioritizes the public interest, and the alignment of capital interests with the public good through long- and medium-term strategies implemented by the state. Within this framework, liberal democracy—by reducing politics to a competition in which interest groups wield prestige as a strategic weapon to crown themselves—emerges as a phase that must ultimately be overcome. Societal maturity begins with the emergence of a disciplined and purposive political will capable of directing collective movement. This level of coordination, however, presupposes the establishment of a tradition of political discipline—one that can cultivate capable leadership over time. Such a tradition can only take root through the sustained commitment of a political organization that not only aspires to govern but also embodies the objective approach and societal virtues. Among available ideological frameworks, scientific socialism offers the most coherent basis for cultivating such disciplined political will, as it unites long-term social planning with a commitment to collective rationality.

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